College Success Formula & 25% OFF Dissertation Writing †Only 10 DAYS Left

College Success Formula & 25% OFF Dissertation Writing – 10 DAYS left Dissertation Writing – 25% OFF Details – Only 10 Days Left Last week we announced our best deal yet with 25% off Dissertation Writing for all returning customers and 20% OFF for all our new customers. That is 150 GBP in terms of VALUE that we are GIVING AWAY. †¦Yes, you read that right! With Thanksgiving approaching FAST, we think we can all celebrate the lower prices! We are now extending this offer to everyone with a 25% price REDUCTION to any of our customers based outside of the EU, Australia and Canada. So if you live in the United States, UAE, Nigeria or elsewhere in the world, you can now enjoy the same our site services for up to 25% less! If you want to make the most of this amazing reduction, kindly reply to this email with the details of your assignment, or go to our website and place an order with us TODAY. College Success Formula A UNI student was struggling. With FAILING GRADES and unable to meet his DEADLINES, he approached his adviser. He explained his frustrations to him and got the following College Success Formula in return. Basically, the adviser asked him to enter the following on his calculator: 0.99^365 The guy calculated. The answer was 0.03 Now, the adviser asked him to Calculate the following: 1.01^365 The guy calculated again. The answer was 37.78 Adviser told the student, this is the answer to your issues and the difference between being ordinary and EXTRA-ORDINARY, which is also proven MATHEMATICALLY NOW. This is the difference between when you put in 0.99% of your day’s effort vs. 1.01% of your days effort . THAT little EXTRA work, the little extra DISSERTATION RESEARCH, READING and WRITING throughout the year will really add up. That is the college success formula that would also enable to tackle life CHALLENGES ahead. Just a little EXTRA EFFORT done consistently would yield LIFE CHANGING results. CONSISTENCY is the KEY as short term bursts of efforts only produce SHORT TERM results. At our site we have started to share small stories because we believe these stories are the most powerful communication tool to activate our brains. We all grew up with stories of our family, stories of our friends and stories we read, and with tools of 21st century, still stories continue to be everywhere! Even our site has it’s own story. How can we help you even further? Remember, our site is always here to help you. We are a trusted resource for our students since 2006. Do you need some inspiration, don’t forget to checkout our Free Journal. If you need help completing your Exam Notes, Essay Writing, Dissertation Writing, Assignments and Proof Reading. Kindly Email with your assignment details today, or go to our website and place an order today.

Lao-Tzu, Machiavelli, and the American Government

Lao-Tzu's â€Å"Thoughts from the Tao-te Ching† and Machiavelli's â€Å"The Qualities of a Prince† both have the ultimate goal of making better leaders. The tactics that each writer chooses to present as a guide for the leader are almost opposite of each other. Today's American government would benefit from a combination of the two extreme ideas. Lao-Tzu's laissez-faire attitude towards the economy, as well as his small scale, home defense military is appealing to a liberal person. Machiavelli's attitude towards miserliness and lower taxes, while being always prepared for war, would appeal to a conservative person. The writers are in agreement on some issues, such as taxes, but other ideas, such as government involvement in the everyday lives of citizens are completely opposed to one another. Lao-Tzu believes in moderation and small government. He states that a leader should stay within his country and govern his people only. Lao-tzu and Machiavelli are political philosophers writing in two different lands and two different times. Lao-tzu was an ancient Chinese philosopher from 6th century BC, the author of Tao-te Ching, and Machiavelli was an Italian philosopher who lived 2000 years after Lao-tzu's time, author of Prince. They are both philosophers but have totally different perspective on how to be a good leader. While both philosopher's writing is instructive. Lao-tzu's advice issues from detached view of a universal ruler; Machiavelli's advice is very personal perhaps demanding. Both philosophers' idea will not work for today's world, because that modern world is not as perfect as Lao-tzu described in Tao-te Ching, and not as chaotic as Machiavelli illustrated in Prince. In comparing and contrasting the governmental philosophies of the great thinkers Lao-Tzu and Machiavelli, I have found a pleasant mix of both of their ideas would be the best for America today. Lao-Tzu's laisse-faire attitude towards the economy, as well as his small scale military is appealing to my liberal side, while Machiavelli's attitude towards miserliness which causes low taxes appeals to the right wing. These great thinkers contradict the popular saying â€Å"all great thinkers think alike. † They have several ideas, such as taxes, that are the same, while other ideas, like the involvement of government in citizens' everyday lives are totally opposite. I shall start with the ideas of Machiavelli, then move on to Lao-Tzu's, and finally a comparison and application into American life. Niccolo Machiavelli believes in a strong government. The leader should be strong and feared. I believe he gets this idea from the fear of God.

IT Project Management Assessment Essay

1. Summarizes how the project manager or team exhibited exceptional and ethical project management practices. Often, the project manager (PM) is faced with an issue that is not easily resolved by theory or the knowledge acquired from formal training. These types of problems are usually not of a technical nature and more often tend to be ethical or human resource issues (Stare, 2011). The satisfactory answer is often debatable and may suit one set of circumstances and yet not another. It is these difficult issues where the PM must draw from their practical experiences, moral and ethical obligations, and sometimes the rule of law. For example, international projects take the PM out of the comfort zone of the local laws and customs that they are used to working at home. In many host countries, doing business results in uncertainty and inconsistencies from the way business is conducted at home. Sometimes a practice that is permissible in the foreign country is not at home (Stare, 2011). Will making a payment to a foreign government official to obtain permits, licenses or police protection be seen as a bribe or just facilitating and expediting to get things done? That is why it is useful to have a set of guidelines. Companies should have a set of best practices or code of conduct to assist them, however, many do not. Here is a list of questions to use and may be proven useful in deciding a correct approach: Are you following rules that are generally understood and accepted for the task taking place? For example, in poker, bluffing is accepted as part of the game. Are you comfortable publicly discussing and defending your action? Would you be comfortable if your friends were aware of it? Is your family ok with it? Would you want someone to do it to you or to your family? What if everyone acted that way? Would the resulting society be desirable? Are their alternatives that rest on firmer ground? Some countries such as the U.S. have a legal framework, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) for conducting business abroad. For instance, it states with respect to bribery that it is a crime for a bribe to be made to a foreign official or political party for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or for directing business to another person even if this flows through an intermediary or consultant (Quade, Birkenkrahe, & Habermann, 2012). However, not all payments are defined as bribes. Payments for routine government action are allowed under the FCPA including the dispensing of permits, licenses and police protection as noted in the example. Thus, it is important to distinguish between those that are acceptable and unacceptable by noting the various laws of both your own country and those in your host country. As organizations increasingly adopt the practice of project management to achieve their goals, project managers must be adept in the soft skills, political savvy, and conflict management skills that are vital to project success. Project success relies directly on the ability of project managers to communicate, negotiate, and influence within a project environment that inevitably involves politics and conflict (KENNEDY & HUSTON, 2012). It is important for the project manager to approach difficult issues with care and conduct their affairs within the appropriate ethical and legal framework. Some of the PM guiding principles are gained from the company value statements, and codes of conduct. This will provide the project manager, along with his or her experience, the additional resources to resolve tough situations. 2. Discusses the role of the project manager or team, the organizational setting, the recipient’s approach to project integration management, and obstacles that had the potential of adversely impacting the triple constraints. Some of us are familiar with the term, triple constraint, which refers to the three way conflict between scope, time, and cost. The constraint is often represented diagrammatically by a triangle. What the diagram attempts to show is that if something change in any constraint it should impact the other two constraints in some way. For example, if you increase the scope of a project, this will have the effect of increasing the time taken and thus the cost of the project (DiVincenzo, 2006). Also, if you reduce the time taken, but you are not prepared to reduce the scope, then clearly it’s going to cost more to complete the project. Triple constraint is one of the least understood, but most important keys to understand in project management. The discipline of project management is about providing the tools and techniques that enable the project team and not just the project manager to organize the work to meet the constraints. Another tactic to project management is to consider the three constraints as finance, time and human resources. If you need to finish a job in a shorter time, you can throw more people at the problem, which in turn will raise the cost of the project, unless by doing this task quicker you will reduce costs elsewhere in the project by an equal amount. A project management graphic aid, which is a triangle, can show time, scope, and cost objective as the sides of a triangle, instead of the corners. Project management could used a pair of triangles called triangle outer and triangle inner to represent the concept that the intent of a project is to complete on or before the allowed time, on or under cost, and to meet or exceed the required scope (Anantatmula, 2010). The distance between the inner and outer triangles shows the hedge or possibility for each of the three elements. Bias could be shown by the distance. The example of a project with a strong time bias was the Alaska pipeline which essentially had to be done on time no matter the cost. After years of development, oil flowed out the end of the pipe within four minutes of schedule. The illustration of the time side of triangle inner was effective on the top of the triangle outer line. This was true of the scope objective line also. The cost line of triangle inner, however, was outside since the project ran significantly over budget. This is a good relationship of Performance, Cost, Time, Scope, and shows that a project can pick any three. Projects and initiatives are more likely to meet objectives and achieve success when change management and project management are being both used and integrated (DiVincenzo, 2006). An integrated approach increases the effectiveness of project delivery and increases the chances that sustained change happens. Integration of change management and project management enables the practitioners doing the work to be more aligned, the activities to be more effectively sequenced and the tools being used to be even stronger. Regardless of the specific approach to integrating people, processes, tools and methodologies, integration of change management and project management will provide a more complete approach and solution to creating sustained and meaningful change in the organization. Reference Anantatmula, V. S. (2010). Project Manager Leadership Role in Improving Project Performance. Engineering Management Journal, 22(1), 13-22. DiVincenzo, T. (2006). Project managers stay in charge and out front. Occupational Outlook Quarterly, 50(2), 19-25. KENNEDY, D., & HUSTON, M. (2012). Don’t promote the villains. (cover story). Industrial Engineer: IE, 44(10), 28-32. Quade, S., Birkenkrahe, M., & Habermann, F. (2012). Manage Projects Smarter: Picking Tools for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. International Journal of Advanced Corporate Learning, 5(3), 43-47. doi:10.3991/ijac.v5i3.2175 Stare, A. (2011). THE IMPACT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE IN SLOVENIAN ENTERPRISES. Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 16(2), 1-22.

Competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the South African Essay

Competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the South African food retail industry - Essay Example By 2012, the SAFRI is expected to have a value of $98.1 billion which will be an increase of 32.7 percent over 2011 (Appendix A). While the above figures demonstrate the attractiveness of the market for investments, further evaluation would be conducted to determine the competitive advantage in investing in South Africa. This would be conducted through the extended model of Porter’s National Diamond. 2. Porter’s National Diamond The competitive advantage of an industry, according to Porter, derives from the national ‘diamond’. These four diamonds are the four determinants of competitive advantage created within the home base of the nation state – factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, and firm strategy, structure and rivalry. The extended model of Porter’s National Diamond includes government and chance events. An important key feature of the model is that the determinants are supportive of each other and oper ate as a system (Clancy, O’Malley, O’Connell and Egeraat, 2001). This implies that there should be effective flow of information about needs, techniques and technology. Here geographic concentration is important because proximity facilitates flow of information. ... While the basic factors pertain to demographics, location and climate, the advanced factors include communications infrastructure, sophisticated skills and research facilities. South Africa’s population has surpassed 50 million and more than 90 percent of its population is non-white (Arisaig, 2012). Unemployment rate is 25.2 percent and the average life expectancy is only 57 years. Unequal distribution of wealth has resulted in the poorest ten percent earning just one percent of the total national income. Poor education system can be attributed to high rates in unemployment. However, the country has modern infrastructure and the retail sector is sophisticated although dominated by local products (Ntloedibe, 2012). The country also has a well developed communications network and electricity supply is also reliable. In addition, South Africa also has a network of merchant banks, brokers, and financial services specialists. Investments in technology and telecommunications are inc reasing which will enhance business infrastructure thereby enabling the companies to compete with the countries in the West (Maxwell, 2013). The southernmost country on the African continent, South Africa is one of the most economically prosperous nations in southern Africa due to its coastal location and presence of gold, diamonds and natural resources (Briney, 2012). However, climate change is prominent in South Africa and this impacts sourcing and transportation of agricultural products for retailers. One way to handle this is through adaptation by sourcing through several suppliers in vulnerable categories. Despite its coastal location, water is scarce and water security is a fundamental challenge faced by retailers. This requires the retailers to actively engage with suppliers for

PORTIFOLIO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

PORTIFOLIO - Essay Example 7 a) The benefits of trade and demonstrate the principle of comparative advantage? 9 b) Whether countries are justified in protecting their domestic industries? 10 Reference 12 Bibliography 12 Questions 1 a) What type of market structure is being described above and what are its main assumptions and characteristics? In a concentrated environment like that of Airline industry the market structure followed by the company players are mainly Oligopolistic. Oligopolistic market structure is mainly a characteristic of a market where the number of seller is small and very limited. Straight forward way of direct competition is not followed in case of oligopolistic market rather a more strategic planning is required to be the leader of the market. A market is defined as oligopolistic market when the top five companies in the market captures the share of around 60 % and above. Under the oligopoly market structure the seller has a greater impact on the market than in case of monopoly. Due to th e cartel in the oligopolistic market all the players in the market limits their offers which results in the rise of price and are forcefully imposed on the market. Game theory techniques help the oligopolistic market to solve the equilibrium. Forming a cartel they act in a conjoint manner and fix the price together like monopoly and then share the profit (Econ. Ohio-State, n.d. p. 1-4). b) Discuss the evidence uncovered by the European Commission. European Commission investigated in the matter of air freight collusion case for the anti-competitive practices of the industry and fines eleven airline leaders with a massive amount of â‚ ¬800 million ($1.1 billion) for their faulty practices. Air France was charged with the largest fine of â‚ ¬310 million for their Dutch partner and French carriers. Though the Lufthansa and the Swiss Airline was accused at the beginning but they escaped the charged penalties as they act as the whistle blower on the cartel issue. British airways wer e charged a fine of â‚ ¬270 million after the second largest penalty for SAS Group along with Singapore Airlines with an amount of â‚ ¬70-80 million. Due to the previous involvement by the SAS group in anti competition issue they were charges about 50 % more than that should be charged. Many others airlines were charged with penalties according to their involvement in the process. Cartel behavior of fixing price for a long period of 6 years was uncovered by the European Commission against these airlines. With the activities like fuel price hike and security surcharges the players were involved in the Cartel practice (Anderton, n.d., p. 379). c) What form of collusion did the airline companies engage in? What factors can make some sectors more susceptible to this form of collusion? In some market segment the competitors are not sure of their moves and effect of their strategies implemented in the market. In such cases in an oligopolistic market collusion or a conjoint effort is done to share the market profit amongst the players. Collusion can be of several forms. It can be broadly categorized as Formal Collusion and Informal Collusion. The collusion technique followed by the airline industry is mainly formal form of collusion by forming a cartel between the small numbers of leaders in the industry. This form of cartelization is done where there are limited leaders with similar types of products offered to the customers and for their mutual benefit they form the cartel to take all decision together rather than

Abortion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Abortion - Research Paper Example Abortion is such an issue that carries two viewpoints encompassing choice and life. Life is present in the fetus right from the moment of conception, a fetus, or human embryo is considered to be a living individual. Due to the act of abortion, the individual is divested from the survival and hence abortion is considered to an act of murder. The view is supported by the Catholic Church, considering the responsibility to prevent every individual (Web. "Ethics of Abortion: Is it Moral or Immoral to Have an Abortion"). On the contrary, decision to give birth to the young one is the right of mother and there should not be any interventions, she has the responsibility of upbringing of the child. History reveals that abortion has always been a contemporary issue; the issue was prevalent even before the birth of Christ. Some traditional methods were prevalent to kill the unwanted fetus; it was a legal as well as political concern. Plato (428- 347 BC) and Aristotle (384-322 BC) maintained the outlook of abortion (Roos). Abortion has been debated over the years on the political grounds to make a law in order to regard it as a murder or it should be left as a permissible issue leaving on the choice of the women. However, it cannot be denied that law must not legislate transience, the laws must be made for good and should be in the favor of women (Web. "Fetus, Humanity, Personhood: When Does a Fetus Become a Human Person with Rights"). Debates related to abortion encompass the lawful eminence related to the fetus. Considering fetus as an individual, abortion is equivalent to the murder and therefore abortion is an illegitimate act. On the other hand, needful to understand that fetus is the part of womens body and any state cannot compel a woman to continue with the pregnancy if the woman is not willing to maintain it to the complete term. Thus, it should be an ethical choice and

Personal reflection Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal reflection - Coursework Example Through the lesson, I also learnt how to quantify risk and profitability. I finished the lecture by learning how to mitigate risks, especially the risks associated with projects. In my week five task, I led my group through the group project we are undertaking. My key role at this stage was to allocate task. I assigned Nicole, Emma and Cindy each to design five posters. I allocated Cindy a time schedule to do and write notes about the meeting we had. I assigned to Emma the task of taking photos about the park. I gave Nicole the task of correcting mistakes in the posters and Amber the collection of documents and writing of the final report. Attending the lecture on risks and projects was a new and exciting experience. Since I have never attended a lecture on the topic, I felt a bit nervous and anxious, as I did not have defined expectations and was not sure if I would understand the lecture and grasp the concepts. The lecturer made me feel a bit comfortable at the beginning since he had looked strict and introduced the topic in a manner that made it look very challenging. I was more than curious to know how projects and risk assessment are linked. The leadership role that I took towards our group project in week five made me nervous at the beginning of the week. I did not know how I would relate with my colleagues whom I were very fond of as their leader. The thought of how I would deal with them in incidences of non-compliance made me feel uneasy with the role. As time passed, I became more comfortable with the role because of my groups corporation. The experience was very influential and I was delighted that things turned out successfully. I had a wonderful experience from the lecture on risks and projects. The lecture enabled me to have an understanding of risks and projects. I managed to clearly differentiate between a risk and a hazard. I was in a position to assess the

Integrated Communication Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Integrated Communication Marketing - Assignment Example Samsung Electronics, a company that is currently dominant in the mobile industry releasing Samsung Galaxy Note 3 which comes with a special feature of a digitalized watch dubbed Samsung Galaxy watch. Even though the phone and the watch have incomparable syncing and multi-functioning features thereby beating its competitors, it is evident that the price tag of the product has been placed at the high end (Spears, 2014). This means that only individuals who have either a passion for the latest technology hence sacrificing on other needs or those that are financially capable of purchasing them are the ones that can access these products. This means that even though I am loyal to Samsung as a brand, the price of the product has been ranged beyond the normal quarters and would require me to save more than I could for other products that are close to this kind of technology. This may also pose as a disadvantage for the company considering the East market which has recently been producing si milar products as those from the West but with better affordability in terms of prices as compared to those from the West (Nicolau,

Week 5 Lt Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 5 Lt Assignment - Essay Example The processes involved in these improvements include renovation of machines, increased training of employees and establishment of 5S problem analysis team. A new process can be measured using various measurement techniques. Most of these techniques are statistical. One measurement technique is variation and standard deviation. This method determines the level of deviation of the outcome of new process from that of the old process. Returns on Investment (ROI) can also be used to measure the performance of the new process. This involves the measurement of the returns from the new process compared to its investment (Persse, 2006). The initial investment of the process including changes made to the old process is subtracted from the returns of the new process. ROI differs from the Variance and Standard Deviation because Variance and Standard Deviation compares the new process with the old process while the ROI only measures the performance of the new process. However, both measurement techniques show the level of success of the new project based on its performance after the changes to the old

Developments in Hacking, Cybercrime, and Malware Essay Example for Free

Developments in Hacking, Cybercrime, and Malware Essay The number one web based attack of 2009 was Malicious PDF activity 49% of web based attacksattempts to deliver malicious pdf content to victims through the web. The pdf attack is designed to exploit arbitrary vulnerabilities in applications that are able to process pdf’s. A successful pdf attack could compromise the integrity and security of affected computers. (Symantec Corporation, 2009) The number two web based attack of 2009 was the Microsoft Internet Explorer ADODB.Stream Object file installation weakness. This exploit accounted for 18% of the total number of web based exploits for the year. This vulnerability allows hackers to install malicious files on a vulnerable computer when a user visits a website hosting an exploit. In order for this attack to be successful, an attacker must exploit an arbitrary vulnerability that bypasses Internet Explorer Security settings.Then the attacker can execute the malicious files that were installed by the initial security weakness. This vulnerability has been known since 2003, and patches have been released since 2004. This exploit exposes the fact that many computer systems were not being kept up to date. (Symantec Corporation, 2009) The number three most common web based exploit of 2009 was the Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 uninitialized memory code execution vulnerability. This attack works by enticing a victim to open a malicious web page. Once a user opens the web page it gives the attacker the ability to execute remote code on the victims computer. Since this is a browser based attack, it gives the hacker potentially more targets than relying on a plugin that may not get installed. (Symantec Corporation, 2009) The top 3 Malware attacks of 2013 were W32.Downadup, W32.Sality, and W32.Ramnit. Although their names all begin with W32., each bug has it’s own way of exploiting a system. Let’s take for instance the W32.Downadup. This  worm has been around since 2008. This worm spreads by taking advantage of a remote code execution vulnerability found in Microsoft Windows server service RFC. This worm strives to block access to security related web sites while attempting to spread to protected network shares via brute force of weak passwords. The Security of the entire network is at stake with this worm. This virus demonstrates shows how important it is to keep servers and workstations updated with the latest virus definitions. (W32.Downadup.B, n.d.) The W32.Ramnit has been around since 2010. This worm is spread by infecting executable drives and removable drives. This malware steals bank usernames and passwords. Having a security policy prohibiting personal drives from being used in the workplace is paramount. This type of attack could cause data loss if unmitigated. (Symantec Corporation, 2013) The W32.Sality is in my opinion the nastiest of all three bugs. What makes the W32.Sality particularly nasty is that it can infect executable files on local, removable, and shared drives. W32.Sality is known as an (EPO) or entry point obscuring polymorphic file infector. Essentially, it’s a sophisticate worm-like virus that ensures its survival by downloading other malware and disabling security software. One of the most damaging features of the W32.Sality virus is how it decentralizes peer to peer networks with sophisticated code instruction that populates the network with infected computers. (W32.Sality., n.d.) References W32.Downadup.B. (n.d.). Retrieved June 26, 2014, from http://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2008-123015-3826-99 W32.Ramnit. (n.d.). Retrieved June 26, 2014, from http://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2010-011922-2056-99 W32.Sality. (n.d.). Retrieved June 26, 2014, from http://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2006-011714-3948-99 Symantec Corporation. (2009). Symantec Global Internet Security Threat Report Trends for 2009. Mountain View: Symantec Corporation. Symantec Corporation. (2013). Symantec Global Internet Security Threat Report Trends for 2009. Mountain View: Symantec Corporation.

Isolation and Characterization of Onion DNA

Isolation and Characterization of Onion DNA The experiment was about the isolation and characterization of DNA. The DNA was isolated from the onion. The mass of the isolated DNA was 15.11 g. The purity of isolated DNA was estimated by calculating the ratio based from the absorbance at 260nm and 280nm resulted to 0.671 meaning more protein was absorbed. Meanwhile in denaturation of DNA, the initial absorbance at 260 nm was 1.304 higher than the absorbance at 260 nm after heating which was 1.095. INTRODUCTION Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material in humans and all other organisms. DNA isolation is the removal of DNA from the cell which it normally resides. Isolation is the removal of DNA from the cell in which it normally inhabits. (1) Onions are used since it contains little amount of starch which allows the DNA to be more visible. The filtrate is made up of onions treated with salt, distilled water and detergent collectively called as lysis solution. DNA purification is done by enzymatic degradation of contaminating proteins with ethanol. A spectrophotometer is used in determining the concentration and purity of the proteins. (2) MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolation of DNA from Onion The peeled onion bulb was chopped and measured homogenized. The sample was placed in a blender added with an ice-cold lysis solution then for 45 seconds at low speed. Meanwhile, the lysis solution used was prepared beforehand by mixing 5.00 ml of liquid detergent, 5.00 ml of 0.500M EDTA, 10.0 ml of 50% Na Cl solution, and 80 ml of distilled water and placed in an ice bath. After homogenizing, the sample was filtered through the cheesecloth and the collected filtrate was placed in a 250-ml beaker. A 10.0 ml of 5% pepsin solution was added to the filtrate and placed on an ice bath for 10 minutes with occasional stirring. Ice cold 30.0 ml of 95% ethanol was pipette to the side of the beaker containing the sample and stand for 10 minutes on ice bath. Once the DNA precipitates appeared at the interface of the solution, the DNA was already ready for isolation. The spooled DNA was transferred immediately to a pre-weighed 100-ml beaker to determine the mass and percent yield of the sample. T he isolated DNA was added with 10.0 ml of 95% ethanol then covered with aluminum foil and refrigerated in preparation for the next laboratory procedure. Characterization of DNA Little amount of DNA sample was placed in a test tube added with 1.00 ml of 20% TCA followed by heating the sample for 10 minutes in water bath with 1.00 ml distilled water. A 2.00 ml of diphenylamine solution was added then heat again in a water bath for 10 minutes. The color change was observed and the absorbance of the sample from 400 nm to 700 nm was scanned to determine the wavelength of maximum absorption. Mean while, little amount of the DNA sample was placed in a separate test tube filled with 5.00 ml distilled water and scanned to read the absorbance at 260 nm then at 280 nm. After determining the A260/A280 value, the sample was heated to boil for 5 minutes and read the absorbance adain at 260 nm. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The mass of the raw sample gathered from onion is 30.4 g. After homogenization and adding of pepsin solution and ethanol, DNA precipitates were became visible and transferred to another beaker. The isolated DNA measures 23 g. The calculated percentage yield was quite high. However, still some sources of error was done while conducting the experiment, the sample with DNA precipitates was disturbed while transferring the DNA. The accumulated DNA precipitates is enough for the next procedure which is characterization. Heat denaturation of DNA, causes the double helix structure to unwind and form single stranded DNA. Thus, the bases unstacked and can absorb more light causing an increase after denaturation. But based on the results gathered, the initial absorbance at 260 nm was 1.304 then was decreased after heating which was 1.095. The calculated percent increase in absorbance was 8%. This error is maybe, due to the heating process. The DNA acquired was quite greater and was not totally heated afterwards causing double helix structure not to unwind and form a single stranded DNA. The filtrate gathered from this experiment was made of onions and lysis solution. Onion was used in this study due to low starch content, allowing the DNA to be more visible considering the onion as one of the best source of DNA. (4) The used of lysis solution was to separate the DNA from extra cell components and to keep the location in which the DNA will not be tainted. The NaCL provides NA+ ions that will obstruct the negative charge as of phosphate ends of DNA. Permitting these ends to come nearer so they can precipitate out of a cold solution. The detergent causes the breaking down of the cell membrane by emulsifying the cell proteins and lipids. Also, disrupting the polar connections that collectively holds the cell membrane. The complexes formed with these lipids and proteins causes the precipitate out of solution. Meanwhile, the purpose of EDTA is to chelates metal ions. (5) A Pepsin solution was used for purification via enzymatic degradation. DNA is polar due to its extremely charged phosphate backbone which makes it soluble in water. Thus DNA is insoluble in ice cold ethanol, as a result when the cold ethanol was added, it causes stable ionic bonds to form and precipitate the DNA. Heating the sample is the one responsible for the formation of the observed color of DNA with diphenylamine. When the DNA is heated with acid, the 2-deoxyribose is converted to w-hydroxylaevulinic aldehyde, which reacts with the compound diphenylamine. Through this, a blue-colored compound supposed to produce. In our sample the color observed was green possibly because of the DNA concentration. The ratio of absorptions at 260 nm vs 280 nm is frequently used to evaluate DNA contamination of protein solutions. The nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, absorbs at 260 nm and proteins absorb at 280 nm. Based on the results, the rate ratio of absorptions at 260 nm vs 280 nm is 0.671. Since proteins absorb light at 280 nm, the ratio is low meaning there is a lot of protein absorbed at 280nm.

Greenhouse gas emissions causing climate change

Greenhouse gas emissions causing climate change Introduction Climate change is the consequence of any kind of adjustments in the climate system. Change in climate is caused by fluctuations in the factors that influence climatic patterns. This phenomenon has become one of the greatest environmental threats and risks that the world is facing. Persistent human activities such as driving cars, farming, deforestation, and industrialization result into production of greenhouse gases. These gases gather in the atmospheric space, and trap the heat from the sun. This is what causes climate change manifested through global warming and other processes. The effects of disruptive changes have led to catastrophic events like storms, droughts, rise in the sea levels, and floods (Kammen Casillas 2010, p. 1181). Climate change is majorly caused by greenhouse gas emissions. Most of the intervention efforts meant to mitigate the impacts of climate change thus target human activities that contribute to additional emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere (Letcher ScienceDirect 2009, p. 67). Therefore, renewable energy has been considered as one of the leading solutions to climate change. Provision of ‘carbon-neutral sources of power, heat, transport fuels and renewable energy options has been considered by environmental scientists as a great move in the right direction. The objective is to enact a transition from high to low carbon economy. Although the renewable energy sector is quickly changing, climate change crises dictate that the energy system be drastically transformed. This will help in combating the dangers that are associated with global warming that threatens to slump the global economy in the face of globalization and industrialization. Roggema (2009, p. 211) cited air pollution caused by transport and power sectors of the economy have been a great threat not only to the human health but have also shifted the climate systems. Prospective Interventions to Address Climate Change Crisis Climate change as an environmental problem is essentially a problem caused by the extreme utilization of fossil energy. Agriculture, changes in land use, cement production and use of chemicals all contribute to the emission of the greenhouse gases (Roggema 2009, p. 234). However, 70% of the global warming/climate change problems is caused by unsustainable use of fossil fuels. Therefore, in order to deal with the problems related to climate change, there has to be a shift from use of fossil fuels at home, in the industries, transport and generally the entire sectors of the economy (Roggema 2009, p. 203). In order to avert the challenges associated with climate change, saving of energy is essential. Electricity, automobiles and carbon emissions are the main causes of problems related to climate change. The regular incandescent light bulbs should thus be changed and replaced with the energy saving compact fluorescent bulbs which are more efficient and energy saving. The emissions that result from automobiles like motor vehicles, motorcycles should also be reduced (Letcher ScienceDirect 2009, p. 154). Climate change has been caused by human activities such as deforestation in search of more space for agricultural activities. Therefore carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere continues to rise. Being a greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide has contributed to the rise of global temperatures. Roggema (2009, p. 183) cited that human activities that encroach to the environment should thus be limited to prevent further crises associated with global warming. Traditional methods of conservation of forest ecosystems should be embraced to preserve the ecosystem and mitigate the effects of climate change (Tracy 2010, p.353). Therefore reforestation should be encouraged so that the greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are reduced from the atmosphere. Farming activities that promote environmental hazards such as soil erosion should thus be limited and replaced with farming approaches that are environmentally custodial. Industrialization is the major contributor to climate change. This is because of the emission of the greenhouse gases like Nitrous Oxide and Carbon dioxide (Tracy 2010, p. 354). In order to avert climate change challenges there should be focus on change in the energy used in the industries from the dirty to clean energy. Climate change scientists have advocated for the use of renewable energy as the solution to the climate change problems that are caused by the use of environmentally hazardous fuels like coal and nuclear energy in the industries in the global economy (Tracy 2010, p. 355). Climate Change and the options for Renewable Energy Human activities and natural environmental processes are all responsible for climate change. Natural causes include volcanic eruptions, ocean currents, changes in the earths orbit and solar variations. An eruption of volcanoes throws out great volumes of sulphur dioxide, water vapor, dust, and ash into the atmosphere (Wengenmayr 2008, p. 141). The large volumes of gases and ash have the ability to influence climatic patterns by increasing the planetary reflectivity leading to atmospheric cooling. The aerosols are produced by volcanoes also affects the purity of air in the atmosphere. These contribute greatly to climate change. The oceans currents are considered a great threat to the climate stability. The currents release great amounts of heat across the planet. Besides, the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere can produce El Nino. The oceans determine the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. This implies that changes in the ocean circulation greatly affects climate and significantly contributes to the climate (Wengenmayr 2008, p. 231). Climate change has been caused by human activities. MacZulak (2010, p. 9) cited that this is majorly through the burning of fossil fuels, changes in the land use, and industrialization. With industrial revolution of the 19th century, fossil fuels have been used to support industrial processes. Fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas have been great energy supplies for the industrialized economies. However, these sources of energy have contributed to great emissions of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These are responsible for climate change (MacZulak 2010, p. 8). Carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased because of human activities such as deforestation and agriculture. Methane is released through oil drilling, mining of coal, leaking gas pipelines, landfills and waste dumps (MacZulak 2010, p. 9). These greenhouse gases cause great increase in the climate change and are significantly responsible for global warming. The greatest cause of climate change and global warming however is the burning of the fossil fuels. These fuels cause emission of greenhouse gases into the earths atmosphere leading to depletion of the ozone layer and global warming (Twidell Weir 2006, p. 143). Options for Renewable Energy The term renewable energy is used in reference to the energy resources that occur naturally in the environment and can always be re-used after the initial function. Examples of this energy are the solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy.   Rivers, biomass and garbage are also considered as renewable energies (Abid, Crawford Davoudi 2009, p.167). Renewable energy is the future of the earths energy needs. However, in order to effectively combat climate change-related challenges, the global mean temperatures have to be kept below two degrees Celsius. This calls for prior planning and transformation of the industrial sectors use of energy. Renewable energy has the potential decreasing the use of fossil fuels that are to blame for most of the problems associated with climate change (Abid et al 2009, p. 169). Renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, and the bio-fuels are increasingly being used as energy alternatives. With the climate change and its crises, such form of energy has the advantage of energy security since the fossil fuels will be depleted as a result of climate change. Climate change is largely a consequence of anthropogenic activities such as burning of the fossil fuels, industrial processes, deforestation and the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. It is estimated that the power sector by itself contributes about 40% of the total carbon emissions (Abid et al 2009, p. 297). This can only be altered by shifting to the use of renewable energy. Climatic impacts such as tsunamis, droughts, wildfires, floods, storms, heat waves and tornados are consequences of climate change (MacZulak 2010, p. 8). However, according to the climate change specialists, clean air policy that includes use of renewable energy can substantially mitigate the negative impacts of climate change caused by fossil fuels. Renewable energy technologies are considered to be the most potential mitigation for greenhouse gases. In the steadily growing awareness on the importance of environmental protection priorities, renewable energy is considered appropriate in the mitigation of climate change effects (Chiras 2007, p. 67). Renewable energy is the alternative to the climate change crises since it does not produce greenhouse gas emissions and pollute the air as is the case with the fossil fuels. Chiras (2007, p. 17) indicated that biomass energy for example, has been used as an alternative for fossil fuels so as to conserve the environment. It is considered a greenhouse gas neutral since its combustion releases no more carbon dioxide than was absorbed during growth period of the organic material. Biomass fuel also contain little sulphur and low combustion temperatures. This limits the formation of nitrogen oxide which is a greenhouse gas dangerous to the environment (Abid et al 2009, p. 269). Responding to Climate Change The transport industry is driven mostly by petrol. This causes emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide combines with other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and cause global warming. In order to deal with this menace, there is need for countries to invest in energy efficient technologies like plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and new technologies such as hydrogen cars (Abid et al 2009, p. 297). This has the potential of reducing petroleum emissions of greenhouse gases into the air. Further, there is need to shift from air and truck transports to electric rail transport that reduces emissions significantly. Industries should shift from the fossil fuels to use of bio-fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel fuels should be used in the gasoline engines in the industrial economies. Abid et al (2009, p. 169) cited that electric vehicles can contribute into reduction of dangerous gases into the atmosphere especially if the energy is produced through the renewable energy sources. In order to deal with climate change and environmental crises associated with it, elimination of waste methane is required. Methane is considered to be one of the strongest greenhouse gases that are responsible for the climate change problems. Waste methane should thus be dealt with responsibly. This is through careful handling of oil wells, landfills, coal mines and the waste treatment plants (Chiras 2007, p. 17). This will provide a net greenhouse gas emission benefits. Biomass as a source of bio-energy can be used to capture carbon. Biomass traps carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through photosynthesis. When biomass is decomposed through combustion, carbon is released as carbon dioxide. This is the process involved in the carbon cycle. Biomass fuelled power plants result into a net-negative carbon dioxide emission. This implies that there will be less carbon in the atmosphere will be trapped through the technology and reduce greenhouse gases that are a threat to the environment (Abid et al 2009, p. 169). The adoption of renewable energy technologies is strategic in addressing the problems associated with climate change and global warming (Ehrfeld 2009, p. 113). From 1970s and 80s, development agencies have promoted small-scale renewable energy technologies. This includes the use of biogas, cooking stoves, the wind turbines and solar heaters in the industrializing countries. In the large scale developing countries have responded to climate change through the use of ethanol in the transport sector. This is especially the case in Brazil. In India, biogas is being used in households for lighting and cooking. Grid connected power in India and hydropower are being used in India and Nepal respectively as renewable sources of energy and safe energy for environmental conservation (Ehrfeld 2009, p. 119). Naturally Sustainable Renewable Energy As oil reservoirs and oil wells in the world run dry due to extensive exploitation and use in the energy sector, there is also an outcry in the environment that is caused by their consequences. Renewable energy sources include geothermal energy, solar, hydroelectric, biomass and wind energy (Chiras 2007, p. 233). These forms of energy have been considered to be the most environmental friendly because they dont produce high levels of greenhouse gases and other substances that are not environmentally friendly. The challenge that these forms of renewable energy have is sustainable use. Hydroelectric power uses the movement of falling water to run the turbines. Unlike other sources of energy, hydroelectricity does not depend on the fuels like natural gas or petrol to run the engines. This makes it more environmentally friendly. Besides, it is more sustainable with the sustainability of the environment so that water capacity of the dams is not interfered with. It uses the natural progression nature to generate electricity (Chiras 2007, p. 117). Hydroelectric power does not produce direct waste that pollutes the environment. It is thus considered to be environmentally sustainable (Ehrfeld 2009, p. 114). The carbon dioxide levels produced by hydroelectric power plants are considerably very low. This is however only produced during the construction stage of the plants and not in the operational phase of the plants making it environmentally friendly. As a renewable source of energy, hydroelectric power does not need the use of fuels to run the turbines. The use of petrol in the production of hydroelectric energy is not existent. This implies that when the price of the fossil fuels rises, the hydroelectric plants are often not affected. This makes it a sustainable and reliable source of energy when compared to other sources of energy (Ehrfeld 2009, p. 116). It also means that the consumer price of this form of renewable energy is fairly constant. In terms of sustainability, hydroelectric power stations last longer than the energy plant stations that are powered by fossil fuels. They are generally easy to maintain and pose no much threat to human life and property. Hydroelectric energy plants contribute to conservation of the environment. In the countries where great investments have been done in the hydropower such as Bhutan, environmental stewardship and custodianship is encouraged. Ehrfeld (2009, p. 119) cited that since it depends on water, a lot of forest conservation and reforestation is encouraged. This helps in the reduction of the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. The human activities that contribute environmental degradation are also reduced through investment in the hydroelectric power plants. Climate change is caused by human activities that tamper with the environment. However, when a country invests in the hydroelectric plants, environmental conservations efforts are boosted. With the conservation of the water catchment areas and the forests, hydroelectricity becomes a very sustainable and reliable source of renewable energy. As it produces clean energy through environmentally friendly approaches, it also helps in the protection of Mother Nature (Ehrfeld 2009, p.121). International Agreements and Government Interventions in Climate Change Various intervention efforts have been made at the community and individual levels to combat climate change and to reduce the negative effects of human activities on the environment. However, much is still needed to be done especially at the inter-state and governmental level. One of the efforts that the governments from the industrialized countries are making in the mitigating climate change is through the Kyoto Protocol. The focus of the protocol is in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions especially from the industrialized countries by 2012. The developed countries have the responsibility to reduce their emission of greenhouse gases from their large industries. These gases contribute to global warming and climate change. The Kyoto Protocol intervention targets reduction of carbon in the atmosphere (Karlsson, Lund, Mathiesen 2010, p. 488). This is through emission trading, clean development mechanism and the joint implementation. These strategies target reductions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The countries that are signatories are thus investing in renewable energy technology options in the industries. The UK government considers climate change as a priority. Its approaches include targeting households to help in energy saving and strengthen renewable energy adoption. Civil society, community and private organizations are also strengthened through grants to help in generation of renewable heat from the renewable sources (Ehrfeld 2009, p. 115). The industrialized countries are re-focusing investments towards generation of renewable energies that are environmentally friendly and are sustainable. There is thus need to encourage less use of fossil fuels and more investment in the bio-fuels. Improvement of energy efficiency is a good government strategy for dealing with the climate change problems. Reduced use of energy implies reduced production of carbon dioxide. Karlsson et al (2010 p. 501) cited that this calls for more efficient vehicles, motors, appliances and industrial processes. Besides, development of renewable energy sources such as solar, geothermal, hydroelectricity, and biomass should be encouraged to reduce the consequences of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The transport sector should reduce gasoline consumption. The trucks, cars and buses use almost half of the oil in the United States. There is therefore urgent need for investment in electric and fuel-celled vehicles so as to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. Transport policies should also encourage less driving of single-passenger vehicles in order to reduce greenhouse emissions (Ehrfeld 2009, p. 115). Human activities that involve land use are largely to blame for destruction of the environment. Governments should focus on developing agricultural policies that discourage environmentally hazardous practices and activities such deforestation and other human activities that are dangerous to the environment. Climate change has negatively impacted on food security. In order to therefore fight poverty, climate change must be addressed through agricultural activities and policies that are environmentally friendly (Kammen Casillas 2010, p. 1181-1182). Conclusion Climate change is greatly caused by human activities more than the natural processes. Industrialization and agricultural activities are largely responsible for the production of greenhouse gases that promote global warming and other consequences. These threaten wildlife and human existence and as such should be addressed. Renewable energy is the potential rescue of the environment from the negative effects of human activities. Governments and countries thus need to use less of fossil fuels and invest more in renewable energy technology options. These include hydropower, geothermal, wind energy and other reliable sources of environmentally friendly renewable energy sources.

Gender: Feminism and Masculinity Essay -- essays research papers fc

In a recent meta-analysis by Kite and Whitley in 1996, it was confirmed that men hold more negative attitudes toward homosexuality than do women. They also determined that men's attitudes toward homosexuality are particularly negative when the person being rated is a gay man rather than a lesbian. Their review of the literature also highlighted the complex nature of attitudes toward homosexuality noted by others. In order to understand the constructive attitudes of homosexuality, there are several factors that include beliefs that gay people are threatening or dangerous, etc. I reviewed Millham, San Miguel, & Kellogg, 1976; Plasek & Allard, 1984. These complexities, and how they influence sex differences in attitudes toward homosexuality, remain largely unexplored. The present research examines two issues: (1) whether sex differences in attitudes toward homosexuality vary by attitude component and (2) whether, within each component, the sex of the person being rated influences these attitudes. Kite and Whitley's (1996) have reviewed data that heterosexuals' evaluations of gay men and lesbians are influenced by a generalized gender belief system. According to this model, we as humans have already have characterized gender reflect the belief that gender-associated attributes are bipolar: What is masculine is not feminine and vice versa. We also tend to possess stereotypically masculine physical characteristics and to adopt stereotypically masculine roles. Similarly, the knowledge that a person is stereotypically feminine on one dimension leads to the inference that the person is stereotypically feminine on other dimensions I think that as a society, our beliefs about homosexuality are influenced by a gender belief system. Men are in stereotypically feminine terms are more likely to be judged homosexual than are men described in stereotypically masculine terms. At a lesser note, women are described too as sterotypes in masculine terms and are judged lesbian than women describ ed in stereotypically feminine terms In some gender-based judgments of gay people reflect the belief that male homosexuals are similar to female heterosexuals and that female homosexuals are similar to male heterosexuals (e.g., Kite & Deaux, 1987; Storms, Stivers, Lambers, & Hill, 1981). As Kite (1994) has argued, separating gender-role beliefs from attitudes toward homose... ...not want their tough side invaded they way I see it. This was a tought subject to write about, but I felt that the issue of gender with being Gay and Lesbian needed to be written. Works Cited Batson & Burris, 1994; Herek, 1988 Esses, Haddock, & Zanna, 1993   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.cpa.ca/cjbsnew/1996/ful_esses.html Herek, 1986b   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://en.web-blaster.org/www.lds-mormon.com/hldsss.shtml Kite & Deaux, 1987; Storms, Stivers, Lambers, & Hill, 1981   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/lablouin/psych200/project_fall01/stereotyping.htm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.womenandsociety.buffalo.edu/bibliog/articles/bib/sj-sz.htm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Louderback & Whitley, 1997   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:112247853&refid=ink_puballmags&skeyword=&teaser= Kite and Whitley   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  psychology.ucdavis.edu/Rainbow/ html/poq_2002.pdf Millham, San Miguel, & Kellogg, 1976; Plasek & Allard, 1984   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.lesbianinformationservice.org/attrl.htm Whitley, 1987

Stories and a White Man: An Open Letter to My Navaho Students :: Essays Papers

Stories and a White Man: An Open Letter to My Navaho Students Some of your Elders encourage you to leave the university and return to the reservation. They tell you that the university is not for you. I respect your Elders because I understand that they wish the best for you, but I cannot agree with them. Come here. Let's share a place together, here on this page, as real as Second Mesa where the wind makes its own stories and all of us must listen to the language of Crow in order to find our way home. Right now let's share a place where we wait trustingly and where storytellers are never victims because they have their stories to protect them. Let our moment together be a home of stories, and let us agree to live in a world where such a place as this one exists. My Uncle Mace was Native American. I'm not sure what nation he came from, but I understand it was one of those "civilized" tribes because unlike the Apache they did not tell jokes that ended with "White men are stupid." So White men called them "civilized." Uncle Mace told me stories. He would start with, "Now, everything I tell you is true." Then he would tell me something confusing and crazy and wonderful, something about bears or ants or giants. Some of his favorite stories were about a race of great ones who were men but did things men could not do. Anyway, I believed they were true stories, and I have to admit that I probably still do. There's a place in me where Uncle Mace still lives. My great grandfather used to take me along when he went to visit sick animals. He was a homemade veterinarian, and the farmers loved him because they never got around to paying him. His specialty was to cure bloated cattle. He would walk up beside the animal and stick a knife into its belly. Anyway, he always drank whisky as we drove along, and he always made up songs. He had a voice filtered through gravel and tar, but the songs were stories, and I believed them like the stories of my Uncle Mace. One song went something like this: When I was a young man I had long green pants. I wore them all day but they were full of ants. Sometimes at night I would wonder how he was able to get along with his green-ant pants.

Cecilia Penifader: an Ordinary Peasant in Medieval Times Essay

Cecilia Penifader lived on the English manor of Brigstock in the early fourteenth century. She was not a princess nor was she of noble blood. She was, in fact, a peasant. While many people today would consider her poor and lowly just because of that title, she was actually rather successful in life and was one of the wealthier peasants of her time. Cecilia did not leave behind any personal writings, as most medieval peasants were illiterate, but her life has since been pieced together through the use of the archives of Brigstock. These archives reveal many aspects of Cecilia’s life. They tell us that she functioned as the head of a household, that she faced gender bias because she was only a woman, and that she led a family-oriented lifestyle. Cecilia went through life as a singlewoman, the term used by medieval peoples to describe women who never got married (Bennett 143). Because she never married, she was considered to be the head of her own household. She held many of the same rights that men had as heads of their households. She certainly had more freedom than her married sisters; a wife was completely dependent on her husband, who functioned as the head of the household (Bennett 115). As the head of her household, Cecilia could hold the title of an independent tenant of the manor. She was able to accumulate several acres of land throughout her lifetime, and she could buy and sell it as she pleased. By the time of her death, she had acquired an extensive amount of land and other possessions. Cecilia also had the ability to manage her household as she saw fit. This meant that it was necessary for her to organize her household and lands effectively in order to survive a less than favorable economy, especially during the periods of the Great Famine and the Black Death. Though Cecilia lacked a family to provide supportive labor to the household, she could usually manage her lands on her own because she chose to devote her land to the less labor-intensive practice of animal husbandry. If she did hire workers, it was probably only at certain times in the year so she could have help with plowing her property, cutting hay from her meadows, and harvesting her food (Bennett 98). To help ease labor demands of her household, Cecilia also bought goods from others in the commodity market. In this market, people could purchase almost anything that they were in need of (Bennett 94). Through what Bennett calls an â€Å"economy of makeshifts,† Cecilia was able to function effectively and make a suitable living for herself, without a husband. Despite Cecilia’s success as an independent head of the household, she still did not receive the same treatment in her community as men did. For example, when males turned twelve, they entered groups called tithings. These groups contained ten or more men who were responsible for making sure they all obeyed the laws, and if someone did not follow the laws, the other members of the group were responsible for making sure that the law-breaker showed up in court (Bennett 144). Cecilia could not be a part of these groups because of her gender. While few peasants ever learned to read or write, those that did were men. Cecilia would not have been given the opportunity that her brothers may have. Men also earned better wages than women did (Bennett 117). As a woman, Cecilia was unable to hold office or pledge in court, meaning that she could not stand in court to affirm that someone would do what he or she claimed. While this may not seem major, it actually prevented Cecilia from creating important networks throughout her community, and even from possibly accumulating income (Bennett 120). Cecilia may have been an independent woman in her community, but she still had close ties to her family throughout her entire life. When she was young, she obviously relied on her family, primarily her parents, to raise her and teach her important life skills. After her parents’ deaths, Cecilia often bought land that was next to those of her brothers or were near lands that they bought. With properties near each other, the Penifaders could help each other work on their lands (Bennett 80). Family was also important in court for Cecilia as well. Every time she did business in court, she needed a man to be a pledge and back her promise that she would pay the amount that she needed to pay. When she went to court on these occasions, she relied on her brothers or men that her brothers knew well to pledge for her (Bennett 81). In June of 1336, Cecilia and her brother Robert combined their resources and their households. Neither of them was married and they were both in the last few years of their lives. In combining their possessions, they supported each other and entrusted each other with their possessions when one of them died (Bennett 82). Before Cecilia died, she attempted to give some of her relatives who would not have originally had a part in her inheritance a twenty-four year lease on her lands. She chose to give her lands to those relatives whom she liked best. Although her wishes were not considered legitimate because she was not able to fulfill all the requirements to make the lease legally binding, this shows that she was trying to provide for her family and ensure that they would be cared for in the future (Bennett 85). Cecilia Penifader was certainly a prosperous peasant in fourteenth century European society. She successfully functioned as the head of her own household despite the many disadvantages of being a woman, and family was a major part of her life. While studying the history of someone like Cecilia Penifader may be interesting, studying the histories of exceptional male figures like kings, knights, and clergy reveal more about certain time periods than the histories of ordinary people. This is because the lives of ordinary people like Cecilia can often be generalized since there are so many people that live lives similar to one another. Exceptional people, on the other hand, are often persons who have exhibited qualities that are highly esteemed by people in that period or severely looked down upon. These cases may not be representative of society as a whole, but the fact that those stories are passed down over others reveals the values and general workings of the societies they came from .

Females and males had equal but complementary roles in traditional Aboriginal life Essay

The purpose of this report is to show that women and men shared many roles in Traditional Australian Aboriginal life. It is acknowledged that men and women were given equal and complementary roles when it came to ceremonies, hunting and gathering, raising and initiating the children, building shelter and throughout the leadership hierarchy. This is proved through evidence collected and presented in the following paragraphs. The roles of both men and women were important and neither was thought to be as more significant than the other. While men had certain roles and women had other roles, they complemented each other which made day to day life easier and more bearable for the group. There were many different types of ceremonies performed by the Australian Aboriginals. Some ceremonies performed were initiation ceremonies, funeral ceremonies, cleansing ceremonies and ceremonies to great other tribes or groups of Australian aboriginals onto their land. During initiation ceremonies, young boys and girls begin the journey to become a man or woman. They are often taken away from the group and left in the bush to be shown and taught by the elders. The elders will pass on the laws relating to their country, spiritual belief and the role and obligations they have within the tribe. [1] This ceremony is performed by both men and women and each role they play complements the other. While men look after the young boys and women look after the young girls, without their roles complementing each other, neither group would be able to co-exist. In funeral ceremonies, both men and women elders would smoke out a house where a person may have died. This is to rid their community of the potential of the deceased’s bad spirits coming back. They also find the last place the deceased person was and smoke it for the same reason. [2] During this ceremony, they would often cut open their own flesh to show their pain and sorrow because one of them had passed. They sung and danced to ensure the deceased’s spirit had left to return to its birth place where it was to be reborn into the world. [3]Without both the men and women complementing each other throughout this ceremony, they would not be able to be performed. Aboriginal people believe that when a person dies, their spirit goes back to the Dreaming Ancestors in the land. This is only possible if certain ceremonies and rituals are performed. They used dances and special songs in times of death or mourning periods. It is also thought that when a person dies they are one with the land again, so often, the aboriginal group will vacate the area that a group member died. It is unsure whether this is out of respect or out of fear that the spirit will return and haunt them. They will return to the place sometime within a year and bury the bones of their dead group member. All other ceremonies that are performed by the Australian Aboriginals were able to be performed by both male and female members of the group. Some also include other groups or tribes. It is known that the Australian Aboriginals were avid hunters. They had a very deep knowledge of their land and believe they were born of it. They also had great knowledge of water sources and seasonal changes which affect the type of food readily available to them. They were knowledgeable about certain foods which were poisonous to them and knew when and how to avoid them should they ever come across these foods. Both males and females made different but complementary contributions when it came to hunting and gathering. The roles of both men and women were complementary in that they worked together to gather food to prepare a meal. Women gathered things such as vegetables, eggs, honey, roots, fruit, and small reptiles such as snakes and goannas. Mostly, the men hunted larger animals such as emus and kangaroos as well as birds. [4] The preparing of such foods was done by both the men and women. It is believed that women were the main carers of young children in traditional Australian Aboriginal society. However, during initiation, the men took over the role of caring for the young boy so they could be taught the laws of the land. When a young boy was roughly six years of age, he would go and join the male adults to learn about hunting and food gathering while the young girls would remain with the women to learn about different things such as child bearing, child rearing and food gathering [5] Because of a combination of nomadic lifestyle and the regions sunny climate, aboriginal people believed there was no need to build shelters or dwellings. The shelter that was used in permanent camps consisted in a frame made from saplings, or straight branches, covered with materials that were available locally such as leafy branches or sheets of bark. In some areas the covering of the shelter was sheets of soft paperbark, which were pulled down from trees. In other areas they used bushes and leafy branches instead because the bark was not available. Australia has such a mild climate, most of the time, they would sleep in the open, and warmth was often provided by a fire or two. They would sometimes be accompanied by a dingo or camp dog, which would also provide warmth to the man or women who it slept beside. During the wetter and colder seasons, they sometimes used closed dome-shaped shelters which were made with a frame of different sized sticks bent over, which joined in the middle to make the dome shape. They were not very big, standing between one and two metres tall. The frame for these was covered with whatever materials that could be found locally such as sheets of bark, layers of soft grass and leaves. [6] Both men and women would collect and assemble the shelters used as well as the campfire. Sometimes they had daytime fires which needed protection from the wind, so they used bushes and branches as a windbreak. Women would gather the leafy branches and bark that is needed to make the roof while the men would gather the saplings and/or the straight branches used to make the frame. Another form of shelter used when available was small or shallow caves that were often hidden behind rocks or bushes. These provided natural shelter for the nomadic Australian Aboriginals. [7] Both men and women had various roles when it comes to leadership in the Aboriginal culture. Both genders would contribute in leading ceremonies, tribal or group meetings and hunting parties. Although it is often shown that men have the main role of being an elder, women also were elders. Elders were leaders of the group who shared knowledge of the laws surrounding the land and how each member of the group intertwines with another. Elders are valuable members of each aboriginal tribe or group as they bring the wealth of knowledge and pass it down generation to generation. While male elders bring knowledge of hunting bigger animals, laws of the land and initiation, female elders bring knowledge of child irth, food gathering and child rearing. The knowledge used by both male and female members of the group helps them to become one with the land. In conclusion, in Traditional Australian Aboriginal life men and women were proven to share roles and complement each other through various ways. Through raising children, hunting and gathering, ceremonies and in leadership they comple ment each others roles so that the tribe or group can exist harmoniously. While men seem to have the main role throughout the Australian Aboriginal culture, it has now been proven that without the complementary role of women, the group would not continue to coexist.

Prose Notes on “Berry” Essay

Berry is about a young black man called Millberry Jones who is employed at Dr. Renfield’s Home for Crippled Children. He was reluctantly employed by Mrs. Osborn, the housekeeper, because the Scandinavian kitchen boy had left without notice, leaving her no choice in hiring Berry. Her reluctance to hire Berry stemmed from his race, which initiated questions such as where he would sleep, as well as how the other employees would react to the presence of a Negro. She had a meeting with Dr. Renfield and they decided to hire Millberry on a reduced salary. He was overworked and underpaid, but took solace in the children whom he loved. An unfortunate incident occurred, however, where a child fell from his wheel chair while in the care of Berry. The result was that Berry was fired and given no salary for the week that he had worked. SETTING †¢Dr. Renfiled’s Home for Crippled Children †¢New Jersey coast CHARACTERS Millbury Jones (Berry) †¢A Black male, approximately 20 years old. †¢Described as good natured and strong. †¢Poor and uneducated. †¢Very observant and intuitive about people and places. †¢Very good with children due to his gentleness. Mrs. Osborn †¢The housekeeper at the children’s home. †¢Rumoured to be in love with Dr. Renfield. †¢Very high handed with her staff, but docile with Dr. Renfield. †¢Displays racist characteristics in subtle forms. Dr. Renfield †¢Rumoured to have romantic affairs with his female staff. †¢Berry observes that the Home is ‘Doc Renfield’s own private gyp game’ (Hughes, p. 162), meaning that he runs his establishment for his own profit, instead of a desire to take genuine care of the children. †¢He is blatantly racist. THEMES Racism This theme is apparent when Berry was being considered for employment at the Home. Mrs. Osborn was concerned about where Berry would sleep, implying that he could not sleep with the white servants because he was considered to be beneath them. His salary was also cut due to his race, and he was overworked, with no discussions of days off, ‘everybody was imposing on him in that taken-for-granted way white folks do with Negro help.’ (Hughes, 162). Even more importantly, when the unfortunate accident occurred with the child, there was no attempt at discerning what led to the incident, but blame was laid on the obvious person – Berry. As a result, he was relieved of his job in a hail of racist slurs.

Documents in a Business Environment

The different styles of documents that could be used are spreadsheets, data sheets, slide shows, letters, fax documents and memos. The documents could be printed or they could be electronic format. 1. 2. When you create a document and store it onto your computed you can save it as different formats e. g. plain text (. txt) Microsoft word (. doc). PDF is another format that can be used but is not editable but you are able to change the formats from PDF to Microsoft word when saving. . 3. The documents I produce reflect the company itself so if I produce low quality ocuments with mistakes it doesn't give the company a professional image. A good quality document gives the customer a professional feel for the company and makes it easy to read, this also attracts the customers to the product. If the document is high quality it makes the documents easy to follow for the customer which gives them less work to do. 2. 2. 1 . To produce high quality documents there is many ways to do so.A high quality printer is a must for quality print outs, also a high quality photocopier so you get a neat clear print. A scanner is also very useful so you scan documents to their original orm. To make the documents look good quality you can add pictures to the document to give it a friendly look e. g. adding your company logo. You should also use a simple layout for a near look using a font size that everyone will be able to read. 2. 2. Different resources to produce documents could be the internet, spreadsheets, PowerPoint, Photoshop. 2. 3.Different types of technology available for inputting, formatting and editing text could be – A Computer (monitor, keyboard and mouse) or laptop. Printer or scanner and also word processing software. A normal way of adding text into a computer is hrough a keyboard that usually comes with the computer itself. All keyboards are laid out in near enough the same format. You press the letters on the keyboard that is then transferred onto your word document on the computer screen. In most organisations the word document that is used is Microsoft word.Microsoft word gives you many different ways to help you input and edit your text. You are able to use many different styles of fonts and are able to choose what size font you would like to use. You are also able to do a spell check which scans your full document looking tor any spelling mis ption to correct them. takes that nave occurred and gives you 3. 3. 1 . The benefits of agreeing the purpose, content, style and deadlines for the production of documents is that all documents are written to a specific audience and have a consistent message.The information in the document is easy to access and is clear, accurate and is readable. 3. 2. Before you start getting your documents together and organising them you need to find out how the documents is going to be presented, the information that is going to be in the document, who the document is for. You need to plan how long the ocum ent can be as you don't want to make it too long but don't want to not include not enough information and most importantly you need to know what the purpose of the document is.If you are producing a document you have never done before it would be best to do a rough plan of your work before you do the real copy and also you need to write in the right format (formal or informal) 3. 3. Text and non-text can easily be added into Microsoft word as it enables you to insert pictures, graphs, clip art and also text boxes. Microsoft excel and PowerPoint are other examples of programs that you can also add text and non-text to. . 4. Most word programs have integrated spell checkers that are constantly checking every work you type onto the document.Spell checkers are not always correct, for example it could try to correct â€Å"your† to you're† when it is not needed. Also, spell- check does not have every word so sometimes you will need to add your own words to the dictionary so n ext time you type it, it will show as correct. On Microsoft work to do a full spell check you go to ‘Review on the top bar and click ‘Spelling & grammar' on the left. 3. 5. Important documents whether majorly important or hardly important still have o be stored securely following certain policies and procedures like the Data Protection Act. It could be physical storage e. . putting into files or boxes and put away. Or it could be digital storage e. g. storing onto a hard drive or usb stick. Files that are stored in anyway have to be stored safely that no one else other than the people authorised can get access to. 3. 6. If personal information gets released to people without permission to see it can have serious consequences as it should be protected by the data protection act. t is important to meet deadlines because it saves time which means it saves oney and also we want to meet deadlines so we get things done quick and we are ahead of our competitors.Not meeting your deadlines means other people who are working on the same case can also not meet their deadlines as they have to wait on you. For example, if i do not get a pack out by 4. 45pm on the day the deal is sold the advisors have to wait another day on top of waiting to receive the pack back to submit the pack to the lender. This overall effects the income of the company which effects everyone else's salary and disrupts any bonus system put in place.

SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL MODEL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL MODEL - Essay Example In our next league of discussion, we will emphasis on the interpersonal relationship of the smokers. Smoking and Family The problem pertaining to smoking starts percolating in the fate of our new born baby. A smoking mother not only loads his unborn child with loads of vulnerability but also paves the way for a future smoker as the recent study suggests that the smoking habit alters the genetic codes which make the child more prone to smoking in days to come. Besides the legacy of pulmonary diseases, cancer is quite evident in these babies (1). Naturally, this type of child, when grow up, will seldom depict its respect etc to the institution called family. He or she will came to know through ages who are responsible for this ailment. In another paradigm of this discussion, the smoking habit of the adults is also equally responsible for the interpersonal strained relationship in a family. In today’s urban set up where a family of four or five of the members is being forced to l ive in the dingy apartment, the much hyped question of â€Å"Passive Smoking† can not be ruled out.

An Evaluation of Professional Placement Activities Research Paper

An Evaluation of Professional Placement Activities - Research Paper Example Legal-World’s legal entity form follows that of a partnership which â€Å"is a business owned by more than one person, with its equity consisting of a separate capital account for each partner†. It is co-owned by five lawyers who have contributed equal proportions to the firm’s capital account. Legal-World’s, aside from continuously developing and maintaining an efficient, expedient, less costly, and adaptive system of delivering legal services, also strive in providing a cultural- and nationality-specific system of extending legal services which accurately respond to the varying client concerns, specifically immigration personal injury concerns of its multinational pool of clients. With clients hailing from various countries (the Philippines, Singapore), Legal-World sees it as an must to tailor its services to suit the specific requirements of their different clients, especially as to legal considerations relevant to the respective home countries of their clients. Yet, although Legal-World strives for specificity in the services it provides, still as to its internal hiring practices, Legal-World seeks to attract, hire, and maintain, as it does hire and maintain, competent subject matter experts who have extensive general knowledge on all sorts of personal injury litigations. Legal-World does this knowing very well that although clients’ legal debacles may require ad hoc solutions, still, one client’s personal injury case cannot be as different to another client’s as to fall under a different practice area altogether.

Three short essay questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Three short questions - Essay Example In such a state, government has no rights to deny its citizens the rights to do anything. Citizens are free to do anything and at any time. They are allowed to access any material and use any property so long as it does not affect anyone. The government in such a state has no rights to tax its citizens and to restrict its citizens from doing any form of business or activity. Nozick advocates for such a state and says it has respects for a person's moral rights (Wolterstorff & Cuneo 89). The next state is the welfare state where citizens are the source of the political will, and they are given the chance to participate in its formation, they are also, the subjects against which the institution will be judged, and they depend upon states free services, programs and general items for their satisfaction materially. I prefer the welfare state, as it has laws that guarantee persons' safety at all times. It is one in which the heads of the government so selected to rule over the subjects ha ve some responsibility to satisfy their citizens. The form of government in Europe differs with that in the United States in that, in Europe, there is use of democratic monarchy while, in the United States, they use welfare liberal democracy. Use of the monarchy system does not allow multiple parties to contest in an election. Only one royal family inherits the throne throughout the country’s history (Wolterstorff & Cuneo 78). Question # 2 Nikita is one of my favorite movie shows. It concerns a young girl who was abducted by a secret government body and trained to be an assassin, but she fled from them and started to work against them. In the movie, there are several artistic styles used. These qualify it as art. According to David Humes theory, every artistic thing, is good provided it is appealing to an individual (Ascott & Shanken 34). Individual tastes are acceptable and allowed to be referred to as art. Owing to this, the movie Nikita is a good art. Using the object cent ered theory, an art, is classified on the objects qualities and not what it represents or expresses. This also is in line with the movie as the objects used to pass the message are well organized and have good qualities. The progress of the movie is also well structured and this classifies the movie as being good. The next theory that art is judged against is in consideration of the limits of formalism. In this theory, any piece of art is rated against the qualities of the objects as well as the context and content. Considering Nikita as a piece of art, it actually passes this test as all characters are usually well groomed in accordance to the occasion and have quality content, which they deliver. I also rated art against expression. A good piece of art is supposed to be expressive. It should explain its meaning and the message in it by itself. It does not need explanations to be clear. According to Leo Tolstoy, art should also be emotional. The objects used should show emotions wi th every word and body movement used. Every body language used should show emotions. John Dewey, an American pragmatist, views art with reference to the writer’s thoughts and feelings. He gathered this from experience. He says that before a poet does any art, then it is

Conflicting Situation at Work Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Conflicting Situation at Work - Term Paper Example The need is to understand where it has crept up from and what related measures could be taken to avoid it in the first place (Boles, 2011). One such conflicting situation came about when recently one of the employees had a rift with his boss. This problem caused the entire department to lose focus for quite a while. Indeed this was getting into something big until the top management realized the gravity of the situation and intervened to bring to an end the entire issue. The amicable solution was found through understanding and logic which prevailed in entirety. The need was to discern where the two employees were doing just too much pushing and pulling, which was unthinkable on the part of the other employees and the management in essence. There was an air of suspicion which existed within the realms of these two employees who were not even on the same level. The conflicting situation came about when the boss ordered his subordinate to comply with his orders time and again. The subo rdinate did not agree with what the boss had to suggest and carried on with his own undertakings and tasks in the office. The result was very serious as it turned out to be. The two of them got into an argument and started to abuse one another for doing nothing all day long. The boss was surprised that the subordinate had the guts in him to get up to him and speak out loud and that too in front of just about everyone in the office. The actions that the management took under such settings were of dire consequence as it had to intercept within this quagmire which had developed with the passage of time. The senior bosses called these two employees who were essentially boss and subordinate, and thus worked in the same department. They were asked to give their side of the story and thus tell who of the two was wrong amongst them. It was obvious that both of them hurled claims on the other party to be labeled as the guilty one. This ended up in stalemate and both were ordered to leave the office within the shortest time since they were sentenced to two weeks suspensions. The problem was made bigger than it was in the beginning. The subordinate was very abusive and used to hurl slang language and jokes on the boss and the boss had found this out through other employees. The boss was also adamant that since he was senior to the subordinate, his say should have been more important. My perception was that this situation was not handled properly right from the onset. It meant that the employees were not being managed adequately well by the management domains. The need of the hour was such that the employees should have been apprised of the consequences before they indulged into one such rift. Their attitudes would have been better had they known what was in store for them and how they had to handle things in a proper manner. Sadly, this did not come about as such and there were problems for both of them as well as the employees who worked with them or around them in one or the other capacity. I believe that the boss would have let the human resource management department handle things on their own since this would have been the better thing to do in such a scenario. It would have served the cause of the two and taken into consideration the abuse factor which was raised by the subordinate that was simply unwanted and uncalled for (Harrison, 2006).  

Benjamin Franklin's inventions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Benjamin Franklin's inventions - Essay Example Out of this situation, he had two pairs of spectacles cut into half and each half put lens in one frame. This invention is today known as bifocals. Commonly, bifocals are prescribed to persons with a condition called presbyopia (Barretta and Matthew 37). This paper will discuss some of the most prominent inventions of Benjamin Franklin. Although Franklin did not event electricity, he discovered many things regarding it that had previously not been understood. He showed that electricity comprised of a common element that he named â€Å"electric fire. Prior to his experimentation, people thought that electricity comprised two opposing forces (Randolph 58). He further showed that electricity was fluid like a liquid that passed from one body to another but never destroyed. His work about this experimentation became the foundation of the single fluid theory. Additionally, he coined important terms during his experiments, which are presently used in electrical engineering. These terms inc lude charge, minus, plus, armature, positively, conductor, negatively, and condenser. In relation to electricity, he invented lightning rod (Barretta and Matthew 44). ... Franklin also invented stove that came to be known as Franklin stove. It was invented in 1742; it is a metal-lined fireplace that is placed in the middle of the room. Prior to this invention, fireplaces warmed homes in America. This stove has rear baffles designed to improve airflow (Barretta and Matthew 47). Unlike a fireplace, it uses less heat and provides heat with less smoke. It has cast-iron furnace that radiates heat in all directions from the middle of the room, and the iron walls that absorb heat evenly (Randolph 96). This design ensures that it provides warmth to the room even after the fire has gone out. Besides, Franklin invented glass armonica that enhanced harmony in music. This mechanized instrument premiered in early 1762 when Marianne Davies played it. It was foot-treadle-operated instrument holding 37 glass bowls. The player of the instrument touched the bowls’ rims with fingered moistened from water trough (Barretta and Matthew 65). In addition to the above inventions, Franklin made other inventions that either are used today or formed basis for future inventions. He invented flexible urinary catheter. During his day, catheters were quite painful and rigid; tubes were inserted into the bladder through the urethra in order to drain urine from the body. He devised a catheter that had flexible tube thus making it less painful (Barretta and Matthew 83). It is important to note that this invention was inspired by Franklin’s desire to ease some discomfort for his brother who was suffering from kidney stones. Moreover, he invented odometer; he was curious as to the distance he was traveling by carriage as a postmaster, particularly for his travels between Boston and Philadelphia. Although the odometer

Samsun Galaxy Tablet's Design, Operations, and Supply Chain Strategies Research Paper

Samsun Galaxy Tablet's Design, Operations, and Supply Chain Strategies - Research Paper Example Moreover, they are the second largest semiconductor chip manufacturer in the world at present. Many people believe that they may surpass the leader Intel in that segment also in near future itself. It is widely believed that Samsung Electronics is best positioned for the new developments in the smartphone market and will continue to expand its leadership in memory, as well as new components like AMOLED and Mobile AP. The company is more favourably positioned than before in most of its product categories: it is quickly becoming the number one player in handsets (from a distant third place behind Nokia and Motorola in 2005), it's already the dominant number one player in TV (from fourth in 2004) and it's a major player in new components like Mobile AP (part of System LSI) and AMOLED (part of Display Panel), which are relatively new businesses. It has several "stars" including smartphones, tablets, AMOLED and System LSI; a few "cash cows" such as DRAM and featurephones; and one real "do g" in LCD displays (Samsung Electronics: The Jewel of the Samsung Empire — Secrets of Success and Future Growth Engines, p.151) Even though Apple Inc is believed to be the most valuable technology company in the world, the death of Steve Jobs has opened many opportunities for Samsung to defeat Apple not only in mobile phone market but also in the tablet market as well. At present Apple Inc and Samsung are believed to be engaged in fierce battle to dominate the smartphone and tablet market. Even though Apple was successful in introducing world’s first touch screen phone (iPhone), Samsung was able to give a strong reply to iPhone with the help of their Galaxy S2 and S3 series of smart phones. Same way, Apple introduced iPad or tablets much earlier than Samsung; however, Samsung tabs are causing strong challenges to iPads even though they came little bit late in the market. Samsung Electronics Co. is so big and profitable that the measure for telling when the company is d oing better than normal is when it goes on a streak of setting record quarterly profits. It happened in 2010 and it’s happening now. Samsung’s second quarter results broke the record set in the first quarter. Some analysts think the third quarter will be even better, but that net income will drop sequentially in the fourth (Samsung 5 Lessons: The 2nd Record Edition) In short, Samsung is one of the most rapidly growing consumer electronics companies in the world at present. Samsung tablets are capturing wide public attention because of its superior performances and cheaper prices compared to the products of its competitors. The future of tablets is bright since it is a blend of mobile phones and laptops. It should be noted that mobile phones are handy; however, its capabilities are limited compared to a laptop. Same way, laptops are convenient for computing purposes; however, they are bulky and heavy weighted. On the other hand, tablets can be used as a computer as well as a smartphone. Moreover, it is handy and light weighted. In short, the future of tablets seems to be extremely bright and hence it is important to learn more about this produc